Baltimore Summit - Israeli-American Summit

A summit to establish significant economic, diplomatic, and military relations between the United States of America and Israel organized and hosted in Baltimore, Maryland.

The United States delegation is represented by:
Secretary of State Dean Rusk
Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara
Secretary of Commerce Luther H. Hodges

Topics of discussion:

  • Expanded diplomatic relations between Israel and the United States
  • Expanded economic relations between Israel and the United States, including but not limited to matters related to agriculture, industry, scientific, and financial cooperation
  • Expanded military cooperation and arms agreements following the end of the official arms embargo on Israel by the United States.

The Israeli delegation is represented by
Minister of Foreign Affairs - Golda Meir
Minister of Defense - Levi Eshkol
Minister of Trade and Industry - Pinchas Sapir
Chief of the General Staff - Tzvi Tzur
IAF Commander - Ezer Weizman
Navy Commander - Yohai Ben-Nun


Golda Meir
Israeli Minister of Foreign Affairs

Mr. Secretary, distinguished officials, and members of the American delegation,

We seek to increase the stability of our newfound relationship with the United States. To come to a common understanding regarding the regional conflicts, and to share intelligence when poignant. There must be a system to accomplish this, or we will not be able to guarantee the timely delivery of sensitive information.

Israel is not yet a major economic player, but we are stable, disciplined, and strategically located. A stronger Israeli economy, tied to the United States, serves to benefit both nations in the long-term.

We seek predictable access to American aviation platforms, military ground equipment, and naval surplus assets. Obviously, we do not expect gifts, but we sit on a fault line for international diplomacy, and need to be prepared for the worst.

We look forward to moving forward. It is my sincere belief, as well as that of everyone in this delegation, that United States relations are a top priority for our nation.


Luther H. Hodges
Secretary of Commerce
United States of America

Minister Meir,

Shall we start on economic matters, then? I will leave military affairs to Secretary McNamara, but believe that the economic factors in an agreement between the United States and Israel may prove most significant and allow for the framework of a larger arrangement involving my counterparts in the State Department and the Pentagon.

On the matter of economics, I believe there are a number of sectors that the United States can assist Israel in. Some of the matters that President Kennedy has advised on following his conversation with Ambassador Harman include agricultural and industrial matters, but my department has also suggested a discussion on the expansion of Israeli ports and capabilities. If we are to address economic matters related to agriculture and industry for our friends in Israel, I believe that assisting in the expansion of existing ports and the construction of new ports may be a wise investment that the United States can assist with.

While ports exist at Eilat and Haifa, the United States can assist the Israeli government in the development of a third port at Ashdod, on Israel’s southern Meditteranean coastline. This location can drastically improve port capacity for Israel, allowing for increased port traffic that can see an increase in Israeli imports and exports going forward. A terminal here could also better serve industrial bases in Tel Aviv, agricultural or mineral deposits in Southern Israel that may be too far from Eilat to be served, while also being able to enter the Meditteranean without transit through the Suez or around the Cape.

With regards to agricultural, mineral, and industrial development - what would Israel be seeking on these fronts from the United States? My understanding is that there would be a seeking of a larger industrial sector for Israel, but what would that specifically entail, and how best can the United States assist in this? I understand, too, that financial cooperation was a topic of discussion, but I feel it best to discuss these matters, first, before getting into financial services.


Pinchas Sapir
Minister of Trade and Industry
State of Israel

Mr. Secretary,

Your proposal for a new port at Ashdod is sound. We agree with your assessment. Haifa is overburdened, and Eilat is poorly positioned to support our industrial base or long-term export needs. A port at Ashdod would reduce our dependency on Haifa and give us a direct outlet to the Mediterranean without relying on unstable choke points like the Suez Canal. It’s a strategic and economic necessity.

On industrial matters, we request three things from the United States:

Capital Equipment. Our current machinery base is obsolete. If we’re to industrialize at scale, we’ll need access to American factory and mining equipment. This includes machine tools, cement mixers, textile lines, electronics assembly, and heavy construction vehicles. Export credits or access to surplus stocks would speed this up considerably. We would heavily prefer licensing to produce this equipment domestically in the future, along with some American assistance in establishing the needed means to do so.
Resource Development. We have phosphates, potash, copper, and other base materials, but we lack processing capacity. American help building smelters, fertilizer plants, and related infrastructure would let us extract more value before exporting resources across the Mediterranean.
Joint Ventures. We are open to American firms setting up operations in Israel. Chemicals, metals, energy, and light manufacturing industries are our priorities. We will offer tax holidays, land access, and light subsidies. We want long-term industrial roots planted here, not just imports from Western Europe and North America.

As for agriculture:
We’re expanding into the Negev and other marginal areas. What we need are better drip irrigation systems, yield-optimized seed stock, and low-cost agricultural processing machinery that isn’t twenty years old. We want these areas to feed themselves and supply our food exports, without relying on constant subsidies from the interior.

Financially, what we want is clarity and access to the following:
Long-term loans for development, technology, and infrastructure.
A stand-alone framework for ongoing economic cooperation between the United States and Israel, rather than folding aid or cooperation under pre-existing United States programs for foreigners. We seek to be partners in the long-term.
A long-term arrangement that is agreeable to both sides of the American political system, so we’re not forced to request ad hoc assistance year after year.

I would welcome your thoughts on these ideas brought forward by my Ministry.


Luther H. Hodges
Secretary of Commerce
United States of America

We believe that the development of a port at Ashdod, in conjunction with investment into equipment and assisting in developing an industrial base in Israel, can be beneficial for Israel’s long-term economic goals, and for American industry. I believe that a partnership between American businesses and Israeli businesses can create a strong industrial backbone for Israel. Perhaps a consortium can be established, that would see American industrial leaders assist in establishing the base that your government is seeking?

As part of the aforementioned industrial and port development with American businesses in Israel, the development of resources can also fall under the same purview, as raw resources will be required for further industrial development, anyway. With regards to agriculture, we can provide experts in the aforementioned matters, to assist Israel in terms of agricultural research, agronomy, and the development of an agricultural sector for Israel going forward.

In terms of the finances, I believe that the use of development loans will prove significant, especially related to the previously mentioned topics. Perhaps it would be prudent to establish a larger, overarching trade agreement as part of any economic agreement between the United States and Israel in this case? It would address the need for a long-term partnership while also addressing immediate economic needs that the United States can assist with.


Pinchas Sapir
Minister of Trade and Industry
State of Israel

Mr. Secretary,

Your response is appreciated—and encouraging. A consortium involving American industry leaders to establish our industrial base would be welcomed. The sooner we begin joint planning, the sooner we can break ground. If Washington can facilitate surplus capital equipment transfers—either direct sales or leases—our side will streamline import procedures and licensing.

We will coordinate with your Embassy to draft a list of institutions and private sector experts we would like to host in Israel for agricultural assistance.

We are prepared to enter into a bilateral trade and industrial development treaty, ideally signed alongside or shortly after the Ashdod port initiative.


Luther H. Hodges
Secretary of Commerce
United States of America

Minister Sapir,

I believe that we have the grounds for a solid framework for an arrangement related to this here. Let our staff start hashing out the finer details of a treaty related to these economic/commerce focused discussions, and perhaps allow for our colleagues to move forward with diplomatic and military matters between the United States and Israel?